{"id":12072,"date":"2026-04-10T11:26:28","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T04:26:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/?p=12072"},"modified":"2026-04-11T10:37:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T03:37:12","slug":"knee-osteoarthritis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/knee-osteoarthritis\/","title":{"rendered":"Knee Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">Contents<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#1_What_is_Knee_Osteoarthritis_Who_is_at_risk\">1. What is Knee Osteoarthritis? Who is at risk?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_What_are_the_signs_of_knee_osteoarthritis\">2. What are the signs of knee osteoarthritis?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_What_are_the_causes_of_knee_osteoarthritis\">3. What are the causes of knee osteoarthritis?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_What_complications_can_patients_face_with_knee_osteoarthritis\">4. What complications can patients face with knee osteoarthritis?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_How_is_knee_osteoarthritis_diagnosed\">5. How is knee osteoarthritis diagnosed?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#51_Symptom-based_diagnosis\">5.1. Symptom-based diagnosis<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#52_Imaging-based_diagnosis\">5.2. Imaging-based diagnosis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#6_Treatment_methods_for_knee_osteoarthritis\">6. Treatment methods for knee osteoarthritis<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#61_Non-pharmacological_treatments_Non-drug_treatments\">6.1. Non-pharmacological treatments (Non-drug treatments)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#62_Pharmacological_Treatment_Medication\">6.2. Pharmacological Treatment (Medication)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#63_Surgical_Intervention\">6.3. Surgical Intervention<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#7_Criteria_for_Choosing_a_Suitable_Treatment_Facility\">7. Criteria for Choosing a Suitable Treatment Facility<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#71_Accredited_Medical_Institutions\">7.1. Accredited Medical Institutions<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#72_Established_Track_Record_and_Clinical_Experience\">7.2. Established Track Record and Clinical Experience<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#73_Qualified_Team_of_Specialists_and_Doctors\">7.3. Qualified Team of Specialists and Doctors<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#74_Medical-Grade_Quality_Control\">7.4. Medical-Grade Quality Control<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#75_Personalized_Treatment_Protocols\">7.5. Personalized Treatment Protocols<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#76_Long-Term_Support_and_Patient_Empowerment\">7.6. Long-Term Support and Patient Empowerment<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#8_Key_Considerations_for_Caring_for_Patients_with_Knee_Osteoarthritis\">8. Key Considerations for Caring for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#9_How_to_Prevent_Knee_Osteoarthritis_Early_On\">9. How to Prevent Knee Osteoarthritis Early On<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#10_Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\">10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#101_Is_knee_osteoarthritis_contagious\">10.1 Is knee osteoarthritis contagious?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#102_Can_people_with_knee_osteoarthritis_go_cycling\">10.2 Can people with knee osteoarthritis go cycling?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#103_Can_knee_osteoarthritis_be_fully_cured\">10.3 Can knee osteoarthritis be fully cured?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#104_Should_people_with_knee_osteoarthritis_take_calcium_supplements\">10.4 Should people with knee osteoarthritis take calcium supplements?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to a research paper published on <\/span><b>NCBI<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (National Center for Biotechnology Information), knee osteoarthritis is the most commonly diagnosed type of arthritis. Furthermore, the prevalence of this condition is expected to continue rising as average life expectancy increases and obesity rates climb.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"1_What_is_Knee_Osteoarthritis_Who_is_at_risk\"><b>1. What is Knee Osteoarthritis? Who is at risk?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0Knee osteoarthritis is a condition characterized by damage to the surface of the joint cartilage. Over time, the cartilage wears down, becoming rough, thin, and losing its elasticity, which leaves the bone ends unprotected. This leads to alterations in the joint surface, increased calcium deposits forming <\/span><b>bone spurs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (osteophytes), and ultimately results in joint deformity and permanent joint damage.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to the World Health Organization (WHO), knee osteoarthritis and osteoarthritis in general are most common among the elderly (approximately 70% of patients are over the age of 55). Notably, about 60% of those suffering from osteoarthritis are women.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12076\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12076\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076\" src=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-causes.jpg\" alt=\"knee osteoarthritis causes\" width=\"600\" height=\"899\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-causes.jpg 600w, https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-causes-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12076\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Knee osteoarthritis is increasingly trending among younger populations.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span id=\"2_What_are_the_signs_of_knee_osteoarthritis\"><b>2. What are the signs of knee osteoarthritis?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">General signs of knee osteoarthritis include audible joint noises during movement, swelling or a sensation of edema, and joint stiffness (especially after standing up or sitting for prolonged periods). Furthermore, symptoms vary across different stages as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Stage 1: Minor Osteoarthritis (Grade 1)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Symptoms in this stage are usually not apparent. Degeneration is only beginning at a minor level, with potentially slight changes in the joint structure. Cartilage may show minor wear but does not yet cause significant pain or impact activities.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Signs:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Little to no pain; mild joint stiffness; occasional difficulty in bending or straightening the knee.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Stage 2: Mild to Moderate Osteoarthritis (Grade 2)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> In this stage, cartilage damage becomes more noticeable, and small cracks (fibrillations) may appear. Although the joint shows wear, it remains stable. However, some symptoms start to manifest more clearly.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Signs:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Mild to moderate pain, especially during weight-bearing activities like walking or climbing stairs; morning stiffness; &#8220;crepitus&#8221; (grating or popping sounds) during movement; discomfort when standing for a long time.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Stage 3: Moderate to Severe Osteoarthritis (Grade 3)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Osteoarthritis becomes more serious at this stage, with significant cartilage damage causing the bone ends to come into closer contact. This stage is often accompanied by inflammation, swelling, and distinct pain. The knee&#8217;s range of motion may be restricted.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Signs:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Increased pain even at rest; joint inflammation and swelling; difficulty walking or climbing stairs; reduced mobility and flexibility; a feeling of joint &#8220;instability&#8221; or weakness.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Stage 4: End-stage Osteoarthritis (Grade 4)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The joint cartilage is almost completely lost, and the bone ends rub directly against each other, causing extreme pain. Inflammation, swelling, and mobility issues become severe. The joint may lose its function and normal movement capacity entirely.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Signs:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Intense, chronic pain even when stationary; visible joint deformity; severe inflammation; nearly complete loss of mobility, making it difficult to stand, walk, or perform basic daily activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"3_What_are_the_causes_of_knee_osteoarthritis\"><b>3. What are the causes of knee osteoarthritis?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The causes of knee osteoarthritis include aging, being overweight, injuries, etc. Specific reasons are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Age:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> As age increases, the body&#8217;s ability to synthesize cartilage declines. Furthermore, after reaching adulthood, chondrocytes (cartilage cells) lose their ability to reproduce and self-regenerate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Overweight\/Obesity:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Excess weight places significant pressure on both knee joints, causing cartilage to wear down and deteriorate rapidly over time. Surveys show that obese women over the age of 40 are six times more likely to develop knee osteoarthritis than those of normal weight. For obese individuals, losing just 5kg can reduce the risk of osteoarthritis and arthritis by half.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12073\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12073\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073\" src=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-symptoms.jpg\" alt=\"knee osteoarthritis symptoms\" width=\"600\" height=\"977\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-symptoms.jpg 600w, https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-symptoms-184x300.jpg 184w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12073\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Obesity and rapid weight gain cause the joints to be compressed under the body&#8217;s weight.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Obesity or Rapid Weight Gain:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> These conditions cause the musculoskeletal system to be compressed under the body&#8217;s weight.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Gender:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Women aged 55 and older are generally at a higher risk of developing arthritis than men. This is due to a weaker anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the habit of wearing high heels, which places direct pressure on the cartilage, accelerating the degenerative process.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Repetitive Knee Stress:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Frequently subjecting the knees to high pressure due to work or sports can increase the risk of osteoarthritis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Injuries:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Sports or occupational injuries can result in fractures of the patella (kneecap), the lower end of the femur, or ligament strains and tears&#8230; leading to severe cartilage damage. If not treated early, these injuries can cause joint malalignment, leading to progressive degeneration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Genetics:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> If there is a family history of knee osteoarthritis, there is a higher likelihood that you will also develop the condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Other Risk Factors:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Other causes not mentioned above).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"4_What_complications_can_patients_face_with_knee_osteoarthritis\"><b>4. What complications can patients face with knee osteoarthritis?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Knee osteoarthritis causes significant discomfort. As the condition worsens, it can lead to more dangerous complications such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Difficulty walking and reduced mobility.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joint deformity; lower limbs may become bowed (varus) or knock-kneed (valgus).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joint stiffness and muscle atrophy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chondrocalcinosis (calcification of the joint cartilage).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Disability or paralysis.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the other hand, knee degeneration can also lead to anxiety or depression, impacting daily life:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Decreased Productivity:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Pain and impaired mobility hinder the ability to concentrate and perform work effectively.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Sleep Disorders:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Persistent pain and swelling prevent restful sleep and make it difficult to find a comfortable position. Continuous insomnia leads to chronic fatigue and lethargy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Weight Gain:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Pain and stiffness limit movement and exercise, leading to unhealthy weight gain. In turn, this extra weight places further stress on the joints, worsening the condition (a &#8220;vicious cycle&#8221;).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Comorbidities:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The condition can also contribute to other health issues such as gout, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, significantly affecting overall health.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"5_How_is_knee_osteoarthritis_diagnosed\"><b>5. How is knee osteoarthritis diagnosed?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To accurately diagnose knee osteoarthritis, the doctor will conduct a clinical assessment of the patient&#8217;s symptoms combined with diagnostic imaging results. Specifically:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"51_Symptom-based_diagnosis\"><b>5.1. Symptom-based diagnosis<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/problems-we-treat\/knee-pain\/\">Knee Pain<\/a>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Initially, the pain is dull and intermittent. Gradually, it becomes more severe and persistent. Notably, the pain worsens during cold weather or when barometric pressure drops. At this stage, even a minor movement can cause knee pain that lasts all day.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Knee Stiffness:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> This typically occurs in the morning and lasts for about 30 minutes. If the condition worsens, the stiffness will be more prolonged.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Joint Deformity:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Presence of bone spurs, joint malalignment, or synovial herniation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Crepitus:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Audible grating or popping sounds whenever the joint moves.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/knee-effusion-symptoms-causes-treatment\/\">Knee Effusion<\/a>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Commonly known as &#8220;fluid on the knee.&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"52_Imaging-based_diagnosis\"><b>5.2. Imaging-based diagnosis<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>X-ray:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Used to detect signs of joint space narrowing, bone spurs on the shaft and patella (kneecap), increased subchondral bone density, and calcification in the posterior hamstrings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Joint Ultrasound:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Detects joint effusion, joint space narrowing, bone spurs, and evaluates the thickness of the joint cartilage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Provides a 3D view of the joint to detect damage to the cartilage, ligaments, and synovial membrane.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Arthroscopy:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Allows direct observation and precise assessment of the extent of cartilage degeneration, clearly distinguishing it from other joint pathologies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Laboratory Tests:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Blood tests, biochemistry, and synovial fluid analysis to check white blood cell counts, viscosity, and other markers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12075\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12075\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075\" src=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/prevent-knee-osteoarthritis.jpg\" alt=\"prevent knee osteoarthritis\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/prevent-knee-osteoarthritis.jpg 600w, https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/prevent-knee-osteoarthritis-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12075\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Imaging-based diagnosis allows doctors to determine the condition with greater precision.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span id=\"6_Treatment_methods_for_knee_osteoarthritis\"><b>6. Treatment methods for knee osteoarthritis<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are various methods to treat knee degeneration, ranging from conservative care (weight loss, physical therapy, medication, etc.) to surgical intervention. Specifically:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"61_Non-pharmacological_treatments_Non-drug_treatments\"><b>6.1. Non-pharmacological treatments (Non-drug treatments)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Weight Loss (if overweight):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Losing weight helps alleviate the excessive pressure on the knees caused by body mass.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Therapeutic Exercises for Knee Osteoarthritis:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Doctors will prescribe exercises to strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee and flexibility drills to ensure smoother joint movement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Physical Therapy for Pain Relief:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> There are two types of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/acc-combined-therapies\/physiotherapy\/\"><b>physical therapy<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: passive and active. In passive therapy, the clinician performs the techniques on the patient, whereas in active therapy, the patient performs the exercises themselves (often as a home exercise program).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Posture Correction:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Patients should avoid squatting or sitting with crossed legs and limit climbing stairs to prevent placing undue stress on the knee joints.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"62_Pharmacological_Treatment_Medication\"><b>6.2. Pharmacological Treatment (Medication)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Analgesics and Antipyretics:<\/b> <b>Acetaminophen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Tydol), used for mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> If Acetaminophen is ineffective, patients may use <\/span><b>Naproxen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Aleve) or <\/span><b>Ibuprofen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Motrin).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Topical Medications:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Gels such as <\/span><b>Voltaren Emulgel<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> applied to the knee 2-3 times daily for rapid local pain relief.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Symptomatic Slow-Acting Drugs for Osteoarthritis (SYSADOA):<\/b> <b>Glucosamine<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>Chondroitin<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and <\/span><b>Diacerein<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> help improve symptoms and slow disease progression.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Intra-articular Injections:<\/b> <b>Corticosteroids<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> or <\/span><b>Hyaluronic Acid<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to provide lubrication, reduce inflammation, and alleviate joint stiffness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Herbal Poultices:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Natural ingredients (such as wormwood or piper lolot) are minced and applied to the knee as a traditional supportive remedy.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"63_Surgical_Intervention\"><b>6.3. Surgical Intervention<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Knee Arthroscopy:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A minimally invasive procedure using a small endoscope to clean the joint removing cartilage fragments, bone spurs, or inflamed tissue to improve mobility.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The surgeon reshapes the tibia (shinbone) or femur to realign the joint axis, shifting weight away from the damaged cartilage to the healthier part of the knee.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) or Partial Replacement:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When the joint surface is severely damaged, the worn-out parts are replaced with artificial components to restore function and gait.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"7_Criteria_for_Choosing_a_Suitable_Treatment_Facility\"><b>7. Criteria for Choosing a Suitable Treatment Facility<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"71_Accredited_Medical_Institutions\"><b>7.1. Accredited Medical Institutions<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Patients should prioritize major hospitals or clinics affiliated with reputable international healthcare groups. These facilities operate under rigorous medical protocols validated by global health organizations, ensuring a standardized diagnostic and treatment process.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"72_Established_Track_Record_and_Clinical_Experience\"><b>7.2. Established Track Record and Clinical Experience<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A trustworthy facility typically has nearly 20 years of operation in Vietnam, having treated a vast number of cases ranging from mild to complex. This longevity provides the team with a deep understanding of the unique physical characteristics and lifestyles of Vietnamese patients.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"73_Qualified_Team_of_Specialists_and_Doctors\"><b>7.3. Qualified Team of Specialists and Doctors<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beyond treatment duration, patients should look for clear professional benchmarks:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Expatriate Doctors:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Formally trained in <\/span><b>Chiropractic<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in developed countries (USA, Canada, France, etc.).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Clinical Experience:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> At least 10 years of experience in musculoskeletal and spinal care.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Specialized Staff:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A synchronized team where physical therapists are also professionally certified and highly experienced.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"74_Medical-Grade_Quality_Control\"><b>7.4. Medical-Grade Quality Control<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reputable clinics implement strict internal quality control systems, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Comprehensive pre- and post-treatment assessments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Continuously updated electronic medical records (EMR).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Evidence-based protocols targeting the root cause rather than just temporary symptom suppression.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"75_Personalized_Treatment_Protocols\"><b>7.5. Personalized Treatment Protocols<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The core of effective care lies in <\/span><b>Individualized Treatment Plans<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> based on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The specific stage of joint degeneration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The patient\u2019s age, physical condition, and activity goals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Medical history and comorbidities. This approach combines <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/acc-combined-therapies\/chiropractic-adjustment\/\"><b>Chiropractic adjustments<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>Physical Therapy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and specialized rehabilitation to optimize recovery time.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"76_Long-Term_Support_and_Patient_Empowerment\"><b>7.6. Long-Term Support and Patient Empowerment<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A premier facility focuses on &#8220;post-clinic&#8221; care:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Providing customized <\/span><b>Home Exercise Programs (HEP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ergonomic counseling for daily activities and workplace posture.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Regular follow-ups to monitor progress and prevent recurrence, empowering patients to take an active role in their own recovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12074\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12074\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074\" src=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-treatment.jpg\" alt=\"knee osteoarthritis treatment\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-treatment.jpg 600w, https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/knee-osteoarthritis-treatment-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12074\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Choosing a treatment facility that utilizes modern protocols and advanced technology significantly accelerates the patient&#8217;s recovery process<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span id=\"8_Key_Considerations_for_Caring_for_Patients_with_Knee_Osteoarthritis\"><b>8. Key Considerations for Caring for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When caring for someone with knee degeneration, you can apply cold compresses to reduce swelling and inflammation, prioritize rest, and implement fall prevention measures:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Cold Therapy:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Apply ice packs to alleviate pain and swelling in the knee area.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Prioritize Rest:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Ensure the patient rests, especially after physical activity; provide mobility assistance if needed (crutches, walkers, etc.).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Fall Prevention:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Install raised toilet seats and grab bars, and clear walkways to minimize the risk of tripping or slipping.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Nutritional Support for Cartilage:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Incorporate foods beneficial for joint health, such as fruits, green vegetables, and fatty fish.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"clear:both; margin-top:0em; margin-bottom:1em;\"><div><style> .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be { padding:0px; margin: 0; background-color:#eaeaea; display: table-row; margin-bottom: 10px; text-decoration:none; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .fp_col { display: table-cell; vertical-align: top; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .related_thumbnail{ display: block; width: 150px; margin-right: 15px; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .related_thumbnail img { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin-bottom: 0; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be:active, .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .ctaText { font-weight:bold; font-size: 13px; color:#34495E; text-decoration:none; padding: 0; margin: 0; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .postTitle { color:#000000; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration:none; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .postTitle{ text-decoration:none; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .fp_col p.fp_short_dev{ margin-top: 0; line-height: 150%; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0; padding-right: 10px; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be:hover .postTitle { } @media screen and (max-width: 767px) { .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .fp_col p.fp_short_dev{ display: none; } .ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be .postTitle{ display: inline-block; line-height: 150%; padding-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; } } <\/style><div class=\"ud72d7a851e8f33fb6030a94a0d27e6be\"><div class=\"fp_col\"><a class=\"related_thumbnail\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/optimal-nutrition-for-patients-with-knee-osteoarthritis\/\" ><img src=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/04\/batch_img_0-300x204.jpg\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fp_col\"><a target=\"_blank\" class=\"postTitle\" title=\"Optimal Nutrition for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis\" href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/optimal-nutrition-for-patients-with-knee-osteoarthritis\/\">Optimal Nutrition for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis<\/a><p class=\"fp_short_dev\">Osteoarthritis is essentially a condition characterized by damage to the articular cartilage, accompanied by inflammation and a reduction in synovial fluid. This occurs when the cartilage regeneration process cannot keep pace with the wear and tear over time. Knee osteoarthritis is the most common form, as this joint constantly bears&hellip;<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"9_How_to_Prevent_Knee_Osteoarthritis_Early_On\"><b>9. How to Prevent Knee Osteoarthritis Early On<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Without proper joint care, you may unintentionally accelerate the progression of knee degeneration. It is essential to prevent the condition early through simple measures like regular exercise, a balanced diet, and weight management:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Regular and Correct Exercise:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Engage in low-impact sports such as swimming, walking, or cycling. Avoid sudden or high-impact movements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Scientific Diet:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Maintain a diet rich in calcium and minerals; avoid excessive fats, alcohol, and stimulants that can cause muscle stiffness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Weight Management:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Maintain a healthy weight to avoid the strain of overweight or obesity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Office Ergonomics:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Office workers should take a break every 1-2 hours and change positions every 20 minutes to prevent muscle and joint fatigue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Daily Massage:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Gently massage the knee joints every morning and evening to relax muscles and improve blood circulation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Periodic Health Check-ups:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Proactively seek knowledge about musculoskeletal conditions and schedule regular screenings.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"10_Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><b>10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Common concerns regarding knee degeneration include:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"101_Is_knee_osteoarthritis_contagious\"><b>10.1 Is knee osteoarthritis contagious?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Knee osteoarthritis cannot be transmitted from person to person. However, there is a genetic component, so you should be vigilant if you have a family history of the condition.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"102_Can_people_with_knee_osteoarthritis_go_cycling\"><b>10.2 Can people with knee osteoarthritis go cycling?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yes, but it must be done &#8220;scientifically&#8221; meaning the intensity, posture, and frequency must be appropriate to support joint movement without placing excessive pressure on the joints.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"103_Can_knee_osteoarthritis_be_fully_cured\"><b>10.3 Can knee osteoarthritis be fully cured?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As a chronic condition, it cannot be completely &#8220;cured&#8221; in the traditional sense. However, it can be effectively managed with a low risk of dangerous complications if detected early and treated correctly.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"104_Should_people_with_knee_osteoarthritis_take_calcium_supplements\"><b>10.4 Should people with knee osteoarthritis take calcium supplements?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To determine if your specific condition requires supplemental calcium, you should consult a doctor. Do not take supplements without a medical prescription to avoid potential health risks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Knee osteoarthritis is a leading cause of disability if ignored. Therefore, at the first sign of knee abnormalities, seek a medical examination immediately to prevent serious complications.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&gt;&gt; realated posts:<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/flat-feet-foot-pain-not-normal\/\">Flat feet and foot pain are not normal!<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/long-term-relief-knee-pain-due-osteoarthritis-acc-approach\/\">Knee pain due to osteoarthritis \u2013 How to treat?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/what-to-eat-and-drink-for-healthy-bones-and-joints\/\">What to eat and drink for healthy bones and joints?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Contents1. What is Knee Osteoarthritis? Who is at risk?2. What are the signs of knee osteoarthritis?3. What are the causes of knee osteoarthritis?4. What complications can patients face with knee osteoarthritis?5. How is knee osteoarthritis diagnosed?5.1. Symptom-based diagnosis5.2. Imaging-based diagnosis6. Treatment methods for knee osteoarthritis6.1. Non-pharmacological treatments (Non-drug treatments)6.2. Pharmacological Treatment (Medication)6.3. Surgical Intervention7. Criteria &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/acc.vn\/en\/knee-osteoarthritis\/\" class=\"more-link\">View more ><span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Knee Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":12076,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[88,31],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v15.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Knee Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Knee osteoarthritis is a condition where the cartilage in the knee joint wears down, causing pain, stiffness, and restricted mobility. 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